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Before and After Laser and IPL Treatment
Laser and IPL hair removal, the Treatment Process.
What kind of results can you expect from Laser and SPL Epilation?
Most technicians can expect up to a 90% improvement rate. This means 9 of 10 hairs will be destroyed after treatment (1-5 applications). The few hair follicles which do not respond to the first treatments will almost certainly be destroyed from additional applications.
Empirical Evidence/Clinical Study Introduction. This
study reports treatment using the semiconductor diode laser system,
a high power, long pulsed diode with a wavelength of 808nm for laser
hair reduction. Laser hair reduction operates on the
principles of selective photothermolysis. This process combines the
selective absorption of light energy by the melanin in the hair
follicle with suitable fluences and pulse durations to allow
selective injury to the hair follicle while sparing skin(1).
The major
'absorber' of radiation in the skin between 300 and 1200nm is
melanin(2), which is found primarily in the epidermis, hair shaft,
and hair follicle. This study was conducted using the 808nm
wavelength diode laser for its increased tissue penetration,
optimized melanin absorption and safety for treating a wide range of
hair diameters/colors and skin types.
The 808nm wavelength penetrates deeply to reach the germinative
cells of the hair bulb and the bulge in even the deepest follicles.
The 808nm wavelength appears to be the correct balance, offering
safety on darker skin types while providing enough absorption to
effectively treat finer and/or lighter hairs.
To achieve selectivity, the laser energy is applied in a pulse
duration that approximately equals the thermal relaxation time of
the hair shaft, but exceeds the thermal relaxation time of the
epidermal melanin. This causes injury to the hair shaft resulting in
growth delay and reduction, but allows the heat to dissipate away
from the epidermis without causing injury. The semiconductor diode
laser system can deliver short pulses or pulse durations up to
100msec. The thermal relaxation time for the hair follicle is
dependent upon its diameter; thus longer pulse durations are
theoretically best suited for medium to coarse hairs(3) while finer
hairs may require shorter pulses.
Clinical studies have shown that aggressive skin cooling allows the
use of higher fluences and results in a greater margin of safety for
all and especially for darker skin types(4). Contact with the
patient's skin after each laser pulse provides a thermal quenching
effect and additional epidermal protection.
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Treatment Efficacy and Overall Results. Eighteen
subjects completed three treatment sessions, eight subjects
completed two treatment sessions and ten subjects completed only one
treatment session. Only one subject had 2 different sites treated
(i.e. neck and upper lip). The remaining subjects had only one
treatment site, although two hair count measurements were obtained
(i.e. both right and left side of the chin or right and left axilla,
etc). The average hair reduction of all sites was 41% after the
first treatment, 55% after the second treatment and 68% after the
third treatment. Hair reduction varied by both treatment site (axilla,
face, legs, back, neck, arms, abdomen, and bikini) and number of
treatment sessions (1-3). Hair reduction continued to improve with
each subsequent treatment. The chin treatment sites appeared to show
consistently higher hair reduction measurements than other areas of
the face and overall.
References
1. Anderson RR, Parish JA. Selective photothermolysis: precise
microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation. Science
1983; 220: 524-527.
2 Anderson RR, Parkish JA. The optics of human skin. J. Invest.
Dermatol 1981;77:13-9.
3. Adrian RM, Tanghetti E. Clinical evaluation of a high energy
long-pulse ruby laser for the treatment of unwanted body hair.
Lasers Med Surg 1997; supp 9:36.
4. Grossman MC, Dierickx CC, Farinelli WA, Flotte TJ, Anderson RR.
Damage to hair follicles by normal-mode ruby laser pulses. J AM Acad
Dermatol 1996;35:889.
5. Battle EF. Study of very long-pulsed (100 ms) high powered diode
laser for hair reduction on all skin types. Coherent Medical, Santa
Clara, CA 2000.
6. Handrick, C., Alster, T. Comparison of long pulsed diode and long
pulsed alexandrite lasers for hair removal; A long-term clinical and
histologic study Derm Surgery, 2001;27:622-626.
7. Anderson, RR., Laser-tissue interactions. In: Goldman MP,
Fitzpatrick RE, editors. Cutaneous laser surgery: the art and
science of selective photothermolysis. St. Louis (MO): Mosby-Year
Book Inc; 1994. p. 1-18.
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